Random History Bytes 071: Peter Stout - Interesting Events - Coasting Trade - Blacks In Revolution
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John H. Yates
Last Update: Wed Feb 16 08:26 EST 2022
Random History Bytes 071: Peter Stout - Interesting Events - Coasting Trade - Blacks In Revolution
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THE MURDERER, PETER STOUT.
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Since the Revolutionary war the only murder I now
remember of having been committed within the limits of
Ocean county, was the murder of a lad named Thomas
Williams, by Peter Stout, at Goodluck. The lad was
driving cattle to the meadows along the north side of
Stout's Creek one morning and met Stout and began to
ridicule him, calling him "eelhead," etc., which it seems
was a name sometimes applied to Stout. Stout let the
boy pass him and then slyly ran up behind him and
struck him over the head with an axe, which he was carrying
on his shoulder. The mother of the boy, anxious
at his long absence, went in search and found the body.
She carried it home - a distance of half a mile - but was
so distracted that she never remembered anything from
the time she saw the body until she came to her senses
at home, and found herself rocking the lifeless body. An
inquest was held and among the Coroner's Jury was
Peter Stout. An idea is often current in various places
that if the murderer was in the room, and touched the
body with his fingers, the blood would start afresh from
the wounds; this was started here and all the Jurymen
touched the body except Stout, who reached out his
hand part way then jerked it back, turned on his heel and
went off whistling. Some blood being observed on his
hand he said he had been killing a chicken. He was
tried at Freehold, found guilty and hanged. He made a
confession which was afterward printed in pamphlet
form. His body was buried on the south side of Stout's
Creek.
Very many people - and among them relatives of the
lad Williams - opposed the hanging of Stout, as he was
deficient in sense, and generally thought to be almost
crazy at all times. The spot of the murder is still
pointed out nearly opposite a pathway across Stout's
Creek. This murder occurred Nov. 19, 1802. Young
Williams is buried in Goodluck graveyard. The following
is the inscription on his tombstone:
THOMAS WILLIAMS.
DIED NOVEMBER 19, 1802
Aged 14 years. 9 months and 18 days.
INTERESTING EVENTS.
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An Inquisition was held in Monmouth county Aug.
26, 1778, to inquire into charges against persons disaffected,
and a number of names in Monmouth and Ocean
are given as having been found guilty. The Commissioners
who tried the charges were Samuel Forman,
Kenneth Hankinson and Jacob Wikoff.
Oct. 14, 1778. We learn that on Wednesday last
the enemy left Egg Harbor after burning several vessels
and houses belonging to gentlemen who have distinguished
themselves by their attachment to the American
cause. They have, it is said, bent their course towards
Toms River, in order to destroy our salt works." The
burning of houses, spoken of in the foregoing, refers to
the burning of Chestnut Neck. Atlantic county, when
Pulaski's guards were murdered.
Vessels of the enemy would occasionally get stranded
on our beach during the war, as in the following instance:
Dec. 9, 1778. We learn that a few days ago a
British armed vessel, bound from Halifax to New York,
and richly laden came ashore near Barnegat. The crew,
about 60 in number, surrendered themselves prisoners to
our militia. Goods to the amount of £5,000 have been
taken out of her by our people, and it is said a number
of prisoners have already arrived in Bordentown; other
particulars not yet come to hand.
Dec, 28, 1778. Capt. Alexander, of the sloop Elizabeth
of Baltimore, was taken by the British, but was
permitted to leave in his small boat and landed at Cranberry
Inlet Dec 28th.
March, 1779. The sloop Success came ashore in a
snowstorm at Barnegat about March, 1779. She had
been taken by the British brig Diligence, and was on her
way to New York. She had a valuable cargo of rum,
molasses, coffee, cocoa, etc, on board. The prize master
and three hands were made prisoners and sent to
Princeton.
The New Jersey Gazette says that in January, 1779,
a Refugee named John Giberson was shot near Toms
River. My impression is that this item is incorrect as to
the place named; tradition locates the place where he
was shot just below Tuckerton on a place once occupied by
a branch of the Falkinburgh family. Mickle's Reminiscences
of Gloucester gives a very minute account of the
affair which is moreover substantially corroborated by
tradition in this section. Mickle gives the name as
William Giberson, not John. During the year 1780
Edward Giles, of Philadelphia, in the schooner Shark,
was taken by a sloop of ten guns. Giles was left in
schooner and a prize crew of four men put on board of
her. Giles had on board of her some choice old liquor
with which he managed to get his four captors drunk
and then run the schooner into Little Egg Harbor. He
helped take the four to Philadelphia.
(Verily it does seem that a proper use of good liquor
sometimes effects good, as here it is shown that a man
captured a vessel and four men with only a bottle of
choice rum!)
About the middle of December, 1780, a British brig
in the West Indian trade was taken and brought into
Toms River. This brig had run short of water and
provisions, and, mistaking the land for Long Island, sent
a boat and four men ashore to obtain supplies. The
militia hearing of it manned two boats and went out and
took her. She had on board 150 hhds of rum and spirits,
which our ancestors pronounced "excellent," so they
must have considered themselves competent judges of
such articles!
The British brig Molly was driven ashore in a snowstorm
near Barnegat; her prize crew were taken prisoners
by our militia and sent to Philadelphia.
March 19, 1782. The privateer Dart, Capt. William
Gray, of Salem, Mass., arrived at Toms River with a
prize sloop taken from the "Black Jack" a British
galley belonging to New York. The next day his boat
with seven men went in pursuit of a brig which was
near the bar. A letter from Toms River written a few
days after they left said they had not been heard from
since.
THE COASTING TRADE.
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The coasting interest must have been quite important
at an early date, as numerous small vessels would
be required to carry the lumber to market from the
various mills on the different streams in the county. On
some of the streams, as on North Branch Forked River
and on Oyster Creek, the lumber was made up into small
rafts and floated down to the bay where the vessels were
anchored, and there taken on board. About the close of
the last century and the beginning of the present, the
cedar rail business began to fail and the owners and
masters of vessels feared they could get no remunerative
employment for their schooners and sloops. And to add
to their anxiety, about this time they began to hear
rumors that Fulton, Fitch and others had made inventions
by which vessels could be run by steam and not be
dependent on capricious winds and tides, and that they
would soon displace sailing vessels. The coasters were
incredulous, and ridiculed the idea of a vessel being
driven by "a kettle full of boiling water." Nevertheless
steamboats proved a success, and not only a success but
proved the salvation, instead of the ruin, of the coasters'
interests, for the steamboats required pine wood for fuel
which the vessels supplied from various points along the
bay, and eventually from Virginia.
CHARCOAL.
Between 1830 and 1840, the supply of pine
wood suitable for market began to fail, and the coasters
again began to inquire "what business could next be
found for vessels." This was satisfactorily answered to
many by the starting of the charcoal trade. The long
ranks of cordwood near all our landings, so well remembered
by oldest residents, gave place to piles of charcoal,
the dust from which made it almost impossible to tell
whether a seafaring man was white or black. Then
came the demand for coasting vessels to carry hard coal,
anthracite and bituminous, from Philadelphia, Alexandria
and other places to other ports.
Before any very large business was done in exporting
charcoal, considerable quantities of it were made
for the use of furnaces and forges. The "coaling
grounds" for Federal Furnace and David Wright's Forge
are named in 1795 in ancient deeds for lands near Hurricane
and Black Swamp; the Federal company's coaling
ground on Hurricane Neck is named in 1797. In
1825 "Jack Cook's Coal Kiln Bottom" and "Morocco
Kiln" are named.
BLACKS IN THE REVOLUTION.
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In looking over the Revolutionary history of Ocean
and Monmouth (as well as of some other parts of the
State) our notice is frequently attracted to the number
of blacks who aided the British and Refugees throughout
the war. In some of the reminiscences herewith
published, the fact of the Blacks being with the enemy
has been noticed, as for instance at Forked River; the
Refugee leader, Davenport, had forty with him; at Toms
River, the Blacks aided the British; and the history of
Monmouth furnishes numerous instances proving that
the Blacks were active and valuable aids to the enemy
as in the case of the noted Col. Tye and his company,
who were with the British in the attack on Capt.
Huddy's house at Colt's Neck. It is no difficult matter
to tell why the Blacks aided the enemy - they received
their liberty by so doing. The question naturally arises
in the mind, "Would not our ancestors have gained by
freeing the Blacks and thus securing their aid against
the British?" They undoubtedly thought they could
not afford the expense. It will be remembered that
although Rhode Island and Massachusetts freed many
slaves to join the American army, yet their value was
paid to the owners - Rhode Island giving $750, and Massachusetts
$1,000 each, for them, making it quite a costly
undertaking. New Jersey, and particularly Old Monmouth
was noted for liberality in furnishing men and money
and it was thought, doubtlessly, that to buy the blacks
of their owners to fight on our side would prove more
costly than they could afford. Suppose there were two
thousand able bodied male slaves in the State; these at
the price paid by Rhode Island - the lowest price then
paid - would amount to a million and a half dollars - a
very serious tax to a people already taxed seemingly to
the utmost. The question then was not about freeing
the slaves of the enemy; that was a point about which
there seemed but little dispute; the British used runaway
slaves and no protest against their right to do so
(although protest was made against Lord Dunmore
afterward selling them). But when we read how valuable
these blacks proved to the enemy, informing them
who had money, plate, horses, cattle and valuables of
any description; where they lived; acting as pilots or
guides through by-roads and paths - helping destroy
all they could not carry away and fighting with desperate,
undisputed bravery. These considerations alone, to
say nothing of the many valuable lives lost, would seem
to show that our ancestors, in the mere selfish view of
dollars and cents, were clearly the losers by their policy
- certainly so in Old Monmouth.
- "A History of Monmouth and Ocean Counties", Edwin Salter, 1890, E. Gardner & Son Publishers, Bayonne, N. J., pp. 425-430.